What is research and its Characteristics || Research Aptitude|| Paper-1 || NTA NET EXAM 2020 || BY DIMPLE

What is Research

The term research comprises of two words, namely ‘re’ and ‘search’. Generally, ‘re’ means again and ‘search’ means to find out. According to Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, ‘research is a careful investigation or inquiry specially to search for new facts in any branch of knowledge’. According to Creswell, ‘research is a process of steps used to collect and analyse information to increase our understanding of a topic or issue.

Cook has beautifully outlined research as an honest, exhaustive, intelligent searching for facts and their

meanings or implications, with reference to a problem. To him, research is an acronym of the following that defines its essence.

Research is conducted with a purpose to understand:

What do organizations or businesses really want to find out?
What are the processes that need to be followed to chase the idea?
What are the arguments that need to be built around a concept?
What is the evidence that will be required for people to believe in the idea or concept?

R = Rational way of thinking

E = Expert and exhaustive treatment

S = Search and solution

E = Exactness

A = Analysis

R = Relationship of facts

C = Critical observation, careful planning, constructive attitude and condensed generalization

H = Honesty and hard working

Research Objectives

Research adds to the existing stock of knowledge. The main purpose of research is to discover answers to questions through the application of scientific procedures.

The typical objectives of research can be summarized as follows:

1. Gain familiarity with a new phenomenon or develop new insight into a phenomenon.

2. Review and synthesize the existing knowledge.

3. Investigate some existing situation or problem.

4. Offer solutions to a problem.

5. Explore and analyse more general issues.

6. Construct or create a new procedure or system.

7. Generate new knowledge.

The actual research may encompass one or the combination of any of the above objectives

Characteristics of research

A systematic approach must be followed for accurate data. Rules and procedures are an integral part of the process that set the objective. Researchers need to practice ethics and a code of conduct while making observations or drawing conclusions.
Research is based on logical reasoning and involves both inductive and deductive methods.
The data or knowledge that is derived is in real time from actual observations in natural settings.
There is an in-depth analysis of all data collected so that there are no anomalies associated with it.
Research creates a path for generating new questions. Existing data helps create more opportunities for research.
Research is analytical in nature. It makes use of all the available data so that there is no ambiguity in inference.
Accuracy is one of the most important aspects of research. The information that is obtained should be accurate and true to its nature. For example, laboratories provide a controlled environment to collect data. Accuracy is measured in the instruments used, the calibrations of instruments or tools, and the final result of the experiment.

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